Used in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells as an additive to improve film quality and device stability. It helps in passivating defects at grain boundaries and interfaces, enhancing charge carrier lifetime and overall photovoltaic performance. Also employed in the development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and other optoelectronic devices due to its ability to tune crystal growth and improve emissive properties. Its incorporation into thin films supports better moisture resistance, contributing to longer operational lifetimes in ambient conditions.