Used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment due to its strong absorption in the near-infrared region, enabling deeper tissue penetration. Also applied in organic semiconductors and photovoltaic devices because of its excellent thermal stability and electron-transport properties. Employed in gas sensors for detecting volatile organic compounds, leveraging its reversible color change upon exposure to specific gases. Additionally, utilized as a blue pigment in coatings and plastics where high thermal and light stability are required.