Vomicine is primarily known for its presence in certain toxic seeds, such as those of the Strychnos genus. It has been studied for its neurotoxic properties due to its ability to interfere with neurotransmitter function, particularly at glycine receptors in the central nervous system. This activity makes it a compound of interest in neuroscience research, especially in studies related to neuronal excitation and inhibition mechanisms.

Due to its structural similarity to other alkaloids with biological activity, vomicine serves as a lead compound in the development of pharmacologically active agents. It has shown potential in preliminary studies for insecticidal applications, leveraging its natural toxicity to target pests in agricultural settings.

Additionally, vomicine is used as a chemical marker in the standardization and quality control of herbal preparations containing Strychnos species, helping ensure consistency and safety in traditional medicine formulations. Its detection also plays a role in forensic toxicology, aiding in the diagnosis of plant-based poisonings.