Ruboxistaurin is primarily investigated for its potential in treating diabetic complications, particularly diabetic retinopathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. It functions as a protein kinase C beta inhibitor, targeting the pathways involved in vascular damage caused by chronic high blood sugar levels. By inhibiting these pathways, it aims to reduce the progression of microvascular complications associated with diabetes. Clinical studies have explored its efficacy in slowing vision loss and improving nerve function in diabetic patients. Additionally, research suggests it may have applications in managing other conditions linked to protein kinase C overactivity, such as certain cardiovascular diseases. However, its use remains under investigation and is not yet widely approved for clinical practice.