Used as a solvent and humectant in cosmetics and personal care products such as lotions, creams, and makeup. It helps retain moisture and improves product texture. Also serves as a carrier for active ingredients in topical pharmaceuticals. In food production, it acts as a flavoring aid and preservative. Commonly found in e-liquids for electronic cigarettes as a base component to deliver nicotine. Used in industrial applications as a chemical intermediate and in the formulation of resins, coatings, and plasticizers.