Rigosertib is primarily used in clinical research as a potential treatment for various cancers, particularly myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It functions as a small molecule inhibitor that targets cellular signaling pathways, including the PI3K and PLK1 pathways, which are often dysregulated in cancer cells. By disrupting these pathways, Rigosertib induces cell cycle arrest and promotes apoptosis in malignant cells, offering a therapeutic approach for patients who have not responded to standard treatments. Its application is also being explored in solid tumors, such as pancreatic cancer, due to its ability to inhibit tumor growth and enhance the efficacy of other chemotherapeutic agents. Ongoing clinical trials aim to evaluate its safety, efficacy, and potential as a standalone or combination therapy in diverse oncological contexts.