Used as a monomer in the synthesis of high-performance polyesters and polyamides, providing enhanced thermal stability and mechanical strength. Employed in coatings and adhesives due to its ability to improve flexibility and water resistance. Also utilized in the formulation of lubricants and plasticizers where long-chain aliphatic structures contribute to improved viscosity and thermal performance. Its reactive carboxylic acid groups allow for chemical modification in specialty chemicals and surfactants.