Used as a dispersant and stabilizer in polymerization processes, particularly in emulsion and suspension polymerizations. It helps control particle size and prevents agglomeration of polymer particles. Commonly applied in the production of toners for laser printers and copiers, where it ensures uniform particle dispersion and enhances flow properties. Also utilized in coatings and adhesives to improve film formation and adhesion. Its solubility in both aqueous and organic media makes it suitable for use in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder or in topical drug delivery systems. Additionally, it serves as a protective colloid in nanomaterial synthesis, stabilizing nanoparticles during preparation.