Talaporfin sodium is primarily used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of certain types of cancer. It is a photosensitizing agent that, when activated by light of a specific wavelength, produces reactive oxygen species that can destroy cancer cells. This makes it particularly effective in targeting localized tumors, such as those found in early-stage lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and brain tumors. The compound is administered intravenously and selectively accumulates in cancerous tissues. Once localized, the targeted area is exposed to laser light, which activates the drug and induces cell death while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Additionally, it is being explored for use in treating age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other ophthalmological conditions, leveraging its ability to precisely target abnormal blood vessels in the eye. Its application in PDT offers a minimally invasive alternative to traditional cancer treatments like surgery or radiation.