NS309 is primarily used in research settings to study the role of calcium-activated potassium channels, particularly the SK and IK channels, in various physiological processes. It acts as a potent activator of these channels, making it valuable for investigating their function in vascular smooth muscle, neuronal excitability, and cardiac activity. In vascular studies, NS309 helps explore its potential to induce vasodilation, which could have implications for treating hypertension or other cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, it is used in neuroscience research to understand its effects on neuronal signaling and its potential neuroprotective properties. Its ability to modulate potassium channels also makes it a tool for studying conditions like atrial fibrillation and other cardiac arrhythmias. Overall, NS309 serves as a critical compound for advancing understanding of potassium channel physiology and their therapeutic potential.