VU591 is primarily utilized in research settings to study potassium channels, particularly the Kir7.1 subtype. Its application is significant in understanding the physiological and pathological roles of these channels in various tissues, such as the retina, kidney, and brain. By selectively inhibiting Kir7.1, VU591 helps researchers investigate its involvement in processes like ion homeostasis, cellular excitability, and fluid secretion. This compound is also valuable in exploring potential therapeutic targets for diseases linked to Kir7.1 dysfunction, including certain forms of blindness and electrolyte imbalances. Its use is confined to laboratory studies, contributing to advancements in pharmacology and physiology.