GW791343 HCl is primarily utilized in research settings, particularly in the study of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). It acts as a potent and selective agonist for PPARδ, making it a valuable tool for investigating the role of this receptor in various biological processes. Researchers employ it to explore its effects on lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and energy balance, which are critical areas in metabolic disease research. Additionally, it is used to study PPARδ's involvement in inflammation, wound healing, and muscle function, providing insights into potential therapeutic applications for conditions like diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Its specificity for PPARδ allows for targeted studies, helping to elucidate the receptor's mechanisms and downstream signaling pathways.