Saroglitazar is primarily used in the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. It functions as a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, targeting both PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma receptors. This dual action helps in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, making it effective in managing conditions where abnormal lipid levels and insulin resistance are prevalent.

In clinical practice, it is prescribed to patients with type 2 diabetes who also exhibit high triglyceride levels and low HDL cholesterol. By improving lipid profiles and glycemic control, Saroglitazar reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes. Additionally, it has shown promise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by reducing liver fat accumulation and improving liver function markers.

Its application is particularly beneficial for patients who do not achieve desired results with conventional lipid-lowering therapies. However, it is essential to monitor liver function regularly during treatment, as it may pose a risk of hepatotoxicity in some cases. Overall, Saroglitazar offers a therapeutic option for managing complex metabolic disorders with a single agent.