Alvimopan is primarily used in medical settings to accelerate the recovery of normal bowel function following bowel resection surgery. It is particularly beneficial in patients who have undergone procedures involving partial removal or reconnection of the intestines. By selectively blocking opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, it helps reduce the side effects of opioid pain medications, such as constipation and delayed digestion, without interfering with their pain-relieving effects in the central nervous system. This makes it a valuable tool in post-operative care, enabling patients to resume normal digestive function more quickly and improving overall recovery outcomes. It is typically administered in a hospital setting under strict supervision due to its specific use and potential risks.