Thalidomide-O-C5-acid is primarily utilized in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug development. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of more complex therapeutic agents, particularly those targeting inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Its structure allows for modifications that can enhance the efficacy and specificity of drug molecules. Additionally, it is explored in cancer research, where it is used to develop compounds that inhibit angiogenesis, thereby preventing the growth of tumors. The compound's ability to modulate the immune system also makes it valuable in the study of treatments for conditions like multiple myeloma and leprosy. Researchers leverage its properties to create derivatives with improved pharmacokinetic profiles and reduced side effects.