ML-323 is primarily used in biochemical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of the USP1-UAF1 deubiquitinase complex. This complex plays a critical role in DNA damage repair pathways, particularly in the Fanconi anemia and translesion synthesis pathways. By inhibiting USP1-UAF1, ML-323 helps researchers study the mechanisms of DNA repair and the cellular response to DNA damage. It is a valuable tool in understanding how disrupting these pathways affects cancer cells, as many cancers exploit DNA repair mechanisms for survival. Additionally, ML-323 is used to explore potential therapeutic strategies for diseases linked to defective DNA repair processes, such as certain types of cancer and genetic disorders. Its application extends to drug discovery, where it aids in identifying and validating targets for novel anticancer therapies.