Z-D-Arg(Cbz)2-OH is primarily used in peptide synthesis as a protected form of arginine. It serves as a building block in the creation of complex peptides, ensuring the arginine side chain remains unaffected during reactions. This compound is particularly valuable in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), where selective deprotection is required. Its application extends to the development of peptide-based drugs, research on protein interactions, and the study of enzymatic processes. The protective groups (Cbz) are crucial for maintaining the integrity of the molecule during synthesis, allowing for precise control over the final peptide structure.