1-Fmoc-(S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid is primarily used in peptide synthesis. It serves as a building block for introducing the azetidine ring into peptide chains, which can enhance the stability and biological activity of the peptides. The Fmoc group protects the amino group during the synthesis process, allowing for selective deprotection and further coupling reactions. This compound is particularly valuable in the development of peptidomimetics and bioactive peptides for pharmaceutical research. Its application is crucial in creating compounds with potential therapeutic effects, such as enzyme inhibitors or receptor modulators.