Used as a ligand in coordination chemistry, particularly in the design of transition metal complexes for catalysis. Its structure allows for chelation with metals, enhancing stability and reactivity in catalytic reactions. Commonly applied in homogeneous catalysis, including C–H activation and cross-coupling reactions. Also explored in the development of luminescent materials and sensors due to its ability to form complexes with lanthanides and other emissive metal centers. Its rigid aromatic framework supports the construction of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and supramolecular architectures.