Ethyl 2-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl)acetate is primarily used in organic synthesis as a key intermediate for the development of more complex chemical compounds. Its structure, featuring both a nitro group and an ester functional group, makes it a versatile building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other fine chemicals.

In pharmaceutical research, it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various bioactive molecules, particularly those targeting neurological disorders or inflammation, due to the presence of the nitropyridine moiety. Additionally, it is employed in the preparation of heterocyclic compounds, which are essential in drug discovery and development.

In agrochemical applications, this compound is utilized in the synthesis of pesticides or herbicides, where its nitro group plays a crucial role in the biological activity of the final product. Its ester group also allows for further chemical modifications, enabling the creation of derivatives with tailored properties.

Overall, its utility lies in its ability to act as a versatile intermediate, facilitating the production of specialized compounds in both medicinal and agricultural chemistry.