4-Pyridoxolactone is primarily used in biochemical research as a precursor in the synthesis of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and its derivatives. It plays a role in studying metabolic pathways, particularly those involving vitamin B6, which is essential for amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and hemoglobin production. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of pharmaceutical compounds targeting vitamin B6-dependent enzymes. Its applications extend to investigating potential therapeutic agents for conditions like epilepsy, anemia, and cognitive disorders. In industrial settings, it may serve as an intermediate in the production of nutritional supplements and fortified foods.