Ethyl 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylate is primarily utilized in the field of medicinal chemistry as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various biologically active compounds. It serves as a precursor in the development of pharmaceuticals, particularly those targeting microbial infections and inflammatory diseases. Its structural framework is often incorporated into molecules designed to exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, this compound is explored in research for its potential role in creating novel therapeutic agents, including those for cancer treatment, due to its ability to interact with specific biological pathways. Its versatility in chemical synthesis makes it a valuable component in drug discovery and development processes.