Used in research to study vascular endothelial cell adhesion and integrity of blood vessels. Plays a key role in angiogenesis and vascular development studies. Employed in protein-protein interaction assays, such as binding studies with antibodies or receptor partners. Commonly used in ELISA, Western blot, and flow cytometry as a detection tool due to the Fc tag. Supports development of therapeutics targeting vascular permeability, inflammation, and tumor angiogenesis. Useful in immunoprecipitation experiments to isolate interacting proteins in endothelial signaling pathways.