Used in immunological research to study purinergic signaling pathways. Plays a role in regulating extracellular ATP and ADP levels, influencing immune responses such as inflammation and T cell activation. Applied in assays to measure ectonucleotidase activity and in protein-protein interaction studies. Commonly used in ELISA, Western blot, and flow cytometry to detect binding partners or evaluate inhibitor compounds. Supports development of therapeutics targeting immune regulation, thrombosis, and cancer immunotherapy.