Doxapram is primarily used as a respiratory stimulant in medical settings. It is often administered to patients experiencing respiratory depression, particularly after anesthesia or in cases of drug overdose. The chemical works by stimulating the central nervous system, specifically the brain's respiratory centers, to increase the rate and depth of breathing. This makes it valuable in emergency situations where quick restoration of adequate ventilation is critical. Additionally, doxapram is sometimes used in neonatal care to treat apnea in premature infants, helping to stabilize their breathing patterns. However, its use is carefully monitored due to potential side effects such as increased blood pressure and heart rate.