Vanoxerine dihydrochloride is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in treating various neurological and psychiatric disorders. It has been studied extensively for its role as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, which makes it a candidate for addressing conditions related to dopamine dysregulation, such as addiction, particularly cocaine dependence. By inhibiting dopamine reuptake, it helps normalize dopamine levels in the brain, potentially reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms.

Additionally, vanoxerine dihydrochloride has shown promise in the treatment of arrhythmias, specifically atrial fibrillation. Its ability to block certain ion channels in the heart contributes to its antiarrhythmic properties, making it a potential option for managing heart rhythm disorders. Research is ongoing to explore its efficacy and safety in these applications, with the goal of developing targeted therapies for both neurological and cardiovascular conditions. It remains in the research and clinical trial stages and is not yet widely approved for medical use.