Fasudil dihydrochloride is primarily used as a potent Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, making it valuable in various medical and research applications. It is widely studied for its role in treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly in managing cerebral vasospasm, a condition that can occur after subarachnoid hemorrhage. By inhibiting ROCK, it helps relax blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing the risk of complications. In addition to its cardiovascular applications, it is being explored for its potential in treating neurological disorders. Research suggests it may aid in neuroprotection and recovery after stroke or spinal cord injury by reducing inflammation and promoting nerve regeneration. It also shows promise in addressing pulmonary hypertension by relaxing pulmonary arteries and improving lung function. Beyond these therapeutic uses, Fasudil dihydrochloride is utilized in laboratory settings to study the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cell migration, proliferation, and contraction. Its applications continue to expand as ongoing research uncovers new potential benefits in various fields of medicine.