Widely used as a homogeneous catalyst in hydrogenation reactions, particularly for the selective reduction of polar functional groups such as ketones, aldehydes, and imines. It exhibits high activity and chemoselectivity under mild conditions, making it valuable in fine chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis. The ligand environment stabilizes the ruthenium center and enhances catalytic performance, allowing efficient turnover with low catalyst loading. Commonly applied in transfer hydrogenation using isopropanol or formic acid as hydrogen donors, enabling environmentally benign reaction setups. Its robustness and functional group tolerance support use in complex molecule transformations.