Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in carbon-carbon bond formation reactions. Employed in the preparation of radiopaque materials for medical imaging due to its high density and iodine content. Serves as an electrolyte component in some types of batteries and electrochemical cells. Utilized in the formulation of disinfectants and antiseptics because of its antimicrobial properties. Applied in the synthesis of coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for research and material science applications. Also used in some dental cements and restorative materials for its biocompatibility and setting characteristics.