Anemarsaponin H1 is primarily studied for its potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. It has shown promise in research related to Alzheimer’s disease due to its ability to inhibit neuroinflammation and reduce oxidative stress in brain cells. The compound may help suppress the activation of microglia, which are involved in neuronal damage when overactivated. Additionally, it exhibits antidiabetic properties by enhancing insulin sensitivity and promoting glucose uptake in cellular models. These applications make it a candidate of interest in developing natural product-based therapies for chronic neurological and metabolic disorders. Research remains mostly in preclinical stages, focusing on in vitro and animal models.