Used primarily as a scale and corrosion inhibitor in water treatment systems, particularly in cooling and boiler water applications. It effectively prevents the formation of calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and other mineral scales, ensuring efficient heat transfer and prolonging equipment life. In industrial cleaning formulations, it acts as a chelating agent to remove metal ions, enhancing the cleaning process. It is also employed in oilfield operations to inhibit scale formation in drilling and production systems. Additionally, it finds use in the production of paper and dyes to control water hardness, as well as in detergents and personal care products for its ability to soften water and improve product performance. Its stability under high temperatures and wide pH range makes it versatile for various industrial applications.