Mivacurium chloride is primarily used as a short-acting neuromuscular blocking agent in medical settings to induce muscle relaxation during surgical procedures or mechanical ventilation. It works by blocking nerve impulses at the neuromuscular junction, ensuring that muscles remain relaxed and immobile during surgery. Its rapid onset and short duration of action make it particularly useful for procedures requiring quick recovery of muscle function. Additionally, it is often chosen for patients with liver or kidney impairment due to its unique metabolism by plasma cholinesterase, minimizing the risk of prolonged effects. Careful monitoring is essential to manage potential side effects, such as histamine release, which can cause transient hypotension or skin flushing.