Used primarily in thin-film solar cells due to its optimal bandgap for converting sunlight into electricity. It offers high efficiency in photovoltaic modules, especially in low-light conditions, and requires less material and energy to produce compared to traditional silicon-based cells. Also employed in infrared detectors and radiation sensors because of its sensitivity to infrared light and ability to detect gamma and X-rays. Used in some semiconductor applications and optoelectronic devices. Its use is limited in consumer products due to toxicity concerns, but it remains important in specialized industrial and energy technologies.