Siramesine hydrochloride is primarily researched for its potential therapeutic applications in the field of neuroscience and oncology. In neuroscience, it has been studied as a sigma-2 receptor ligand, showing promise in addressing psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety due to its modulation of neurotransmitter systems. Its ability to influence cellular stress responses and apoptosis has also sparked interest in cancer research, where it is explored for its potential to induce cell death in tumor cells, particularly in breast cancer models. Additionally, its role in autophagy regulation offers further avenues for investigating its use in neurodegenerative diseases and other conditions involving abnormal cell survival mechanisms. Ongoing studies continue to explore its efficacy and safety in these areas.