Duvelisib R enantiomer is primarily utilized in the field of oncology, specifically for the treatment of certain types of blood cancers such as relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), which are subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). It is an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), targeting the delta and gamma isoforms, which play a critical role in the growth and survival of cancer cells. By disrupting signaling pathways essential for the proliferation of malignant B-cells, this compound helps manage these conditions. It has also shown efficacy in follicular lymphoma and is being investigated for other hematologic malignancies, offering a targeted therapeutic option for patients with limited responses to conventional therapies. Its use should be under close medical supervision due to potential severe side effects. This underscores the importance of targeted therapies in improving outcomes for cancer patients.