JNJ-46778212 is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the field of oncology, particularly as a targeted therapy for cancers involving KRAS protein mutations, which are common in types such as lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. The compound is designed to inhibit the activity of mutant KRAS, a key driver of tumor growth and metastasis, thereby disrupting signaling pathways that promote cancer cell survival. This makes it a promising candidate for precision medicine. Preclinical and early clinical trials are evaluating its efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and potential in combination with other therapies to enhance treatment outcomes, reduce resistance, and minimize side effects compared to traditional approaches. Research is ongoing to confirm its full clinical potential.