JNJ-64619178 is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer therapy. It functions as a selective inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme involved in the regulation of gene expression and cell proliferation. By inhibiting PRMT5, JNJ-64619178 aims to disrupt the growth and survival of cancer cells, particularly in tumors that rely on PRMT5 activity. This compound is being explored in preclinical and clinical studies for its efficacy in treating various cancers, including hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Its targeted approach offers a promising strategy for developing more effective and specific cancer treatments with potentially fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy.