Avelumab is primarily used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, particularly metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare and aggressive form of skin cancer. It is also approved for use in advanced urothelial carcinoma, a type of bladder cancer, especially in patients who have not responded to platinum-containing chemotherapy. Additionally, avelumab is utilized in combination with axitinib for the first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, a common type of kidney cancer.

The drug works by targeting the PD-L1 protein, which helps cancer cells evade the immune system. By blocking PD-L1, avelumab enables the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. This immunotherapy approach has shown promise in improving survival rates and quality of life for patients with these challenging cancers. Avelumab is administered via intravenous infusion and is typically used under the supervision of healthcare professionals experienced in cancer treatment.