1-Eicosanethiol is primarily used in the field of nanotechnology and materials science. It is commonly employed as a surface modifier in the creation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold and other metals. These SAMs are utilized to control surface properties such as wettability, adhesion, and corrosion resistance. In biosensor development, 1-Eicosanethiol is used to functionalize surfaces, enabling the immobilization of biomolecules for sensitive detection applications. Additionally, it finds use in the preparation of nanoparticles, where it acts as a stabilizing agent to prevent aggregation and ensure uniform particle size distribution. Its long carbon chain also makes it suitable for studies in molecular electronics and organic thin-film transistors.