Protirelin Acetate is primarily used in medical diagnostics to evaluate the function of the thyroid gland. It stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn prompts the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones. This makes it a valuable tool in assessing pituitary and thyroid health, particularly in diagnosing conditions like hypothyroidism or pituitary disorders.

In clinical settings, it is administered intravenously, and the subsequent TSH levels are measured to determine how well the pituitary and thyroid are functioning. It is also used in research studies to investigate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and its role in various endocrine disorders. Additionally, Protirelin Acetate has been explored for its potential therapeutic effects in neurological conditions, such as improving cognitive function in certain patients, though this application remains under investigation.