Used in water and wastewater treatment as a coagulant to remove impurities such as suspended solids, phosphates, and heavy metals. Effective in both municipal and industrial applications, including sewage treatment and effluent clarification. Also applied in soil stabilization and acid mine drainage treatment due to its ability to neutralize acidity and precipitate contaminants. Suitable for use in flue gas desulfurization processes to reduce sulfur emissions. Its polymeric nature enhances flocculation, leading to faster settling and clearer effluent compared to conventional iron salts.