Used as a ligand in coordination chemistry to form metal complexes with transition metals, particularly ruthenium and iron, for applications in photovoltaic devices and dye-sensitized solar cells. Its extended π-conjugation enhances light absorption and electron delocalization, improving the efficiency of light-harvesting systems. Also employed in the development of luminescent sensors and molecular electronics due to its stable coordination and optical properties. Shows potential in catalysis and as a building block in supramolecular assemblies for functional materials.