Used as an electron-transport and hole-blocking material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). It helps improve device efficiency by confining excitons within the emissive layer and facilitating balanced charge transport. Commonly employed in phosphorescent OLEDs, especially those emitting green or red light. Its high triplet energy level makes it suitable for use with phosphorescent dopants. Also explored in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) systems for display and lighting applications.