Used extensively in bioconjugation and targeted drug delivery systems, this chemical enables stable linkage between liposomes or lipid nanoparticles and thiol-containing molecules, such as peptides, proteins, or antibodies. Its maleimide group selectively reacts with sulfhydryl groups under mild conditions, forming a covalent bond that is stable in circulation but may be cleaved under reducing environments, such as those found inside cells. This property makes it ideal for constructing antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and functionalized nanocarriers for cancer therapy and diagnostic imaging. It is also employed in surface immobilization techniques for biosensors and microarray platforms, where controlled orientation and stable attachment of biomolecules are required.