Piperlonguminine is known for its potential in cancer research due to its ability to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. It induces oxidative stress in tumor cells by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to apoptosis. This compound also shows anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, making it a candidate for studying neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Additionally, it has demonstrated antimicrobial properties against certain pathogens, suggesting possible use in treating infections. Research is ongoing to explore its bioavailability and efficacy in preclinical models.