Used primarily as an intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of heterocyclic compounds. It participates in condensation reactions to form pyridines, pyrimidines, and other nitrogen-containing rings, which are common structures in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Also employed in the synthesis of fluorescent dyes and optical brighteners due to its ability to form conjugated systems. Its reactive aldehyde groups make it useful in cross-coupling reactions and the development of functional materials.