Used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, tofogliflozin works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys. This action increases urinary glucose excretion, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. It helps improve glycemic control without increasing insulin secretion, making it suitable for patients with insulin resistance. Additionally, it may contribute to modest weight loss and blood pressure reduction due to caloric loss through urine and osmotic diuresis. Tofogliflozin is taken orally and is often used as an adjunct to diet and exercise. It may also reduce the risk of long-term diabetic complications related to sustained hyperglycemia.