Used primarily in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, this compound functions as an insulin sensitizer by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). It helps improve glycemic control by enhancing the body's response to insulin, reducing blood glucose levels without increasing insulin secretion. It was developed to address insulin resistance, a core defect in type 2 diabetes. Despite its efficacy in glucose regulation, its use was discontinued in several markets due to rare but severe hepatotoxicity. It has also been used in research settings to study drug-induced liver injury and mitochondrial dysfunction.