Used as a natural pigment and bioactive compound in traditional medicine, particularly derived from plants like *Rubia cordifolia*. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it valuable in herbal formulations for skin disorders and wound healing. Also investigated for its potential in cancer research due to its ability to induce apoptosis in certain cell lines. Its structure allows for interaction with cellular enzymes and DNA, contributing to its biological activity. Additionally, it serves as a starting material for synthesizing derivatives with enhanced therapeutic effects.