RGFP966 is primarily used in biomedical research as a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). It is valued for its ability to modulate gene expression by promoting histone acetylation, which can reactivate silenced genes involved in learning and memory. This compound has shown potential in studies related to neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive impairments, where enhancing synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation is a key therapeutic goal. Additionally, RGFP966 has been investigated for its role in reducing drug-seeking behavior in addiction models, particularly for cocaine and alcohol, suggesting possible applications in treating substance use disorders. Its specificity for HDAC3 makes it a useful tool for studying epigenetic regulation without the broad effects associated with pan-HDAC inhibitors.